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What I Learned from U.S. Catholic Magazine: Discerning Editorial Bias

by Philip Blosser

             Although I subscribe to over a half-dozen Catholic periodicals, U.S. Catholic is not one of them.  I have often seen the magazine in our parish magazine rack, but I had never read it until, one day last fall, I picked up the October 2001 issue and decided to read through it to see what I could learn.  It is a slick, attractively designed magazine with well-proportioned illustrations, ads and side-bars.  A quick glance at its table of contents reveals timely topics of interest to many Catholics.  For example, this issue contains a cover story on Catholics and the Internet, a feature on ways to improve religious education, an op/ed piece on Catholic racism in Chicago, an interview with the authors of The Complete Idiot’s Guide to Understanding Catholicism, reviews of recent films, and a meditation on a Gospel text.  The ad for a “Bible Diary” inside the front cover strikes a warm chord of upbeat personal, spiritual relevance.

             One of the first things I look for in a Catholic periodical is “slant.”  Where does it stand in relation to the Church?  What are its editorial biases?  What expectations does it make about its readers’ perspectives?  These are important questions to ask in a Catholic world that is sharply polarized over issues of Church authority, women’s ordination, contraception, abortion, pre-marital cohabitation, homosexuality, divorce and remarriage, etc.  Some periodicals aim to support and clarify Church teaching.  Others are devoted to a revisionist agenda of some kind.  These differences are not always overt, but no periodical is without an editorial perspective.  There is no “point of view from nowhere.”  Discerning the slant of a periodical helps one see where the writers are “coming from” and to interpret and understand what they are really saying.

             Letters to the editor are a good source for discerning “slant.”  In this issue, the letters begin on p. 7 with a headline featuring the first letter: “Catholics need facts to vote their faith.”  One sentence from the letter is excerpted and highlighted in the center of the page: “If Catholics do not vote their faith, it’s probably because social justice aspects of their faith have not been articulated as clearly as the abortion issue has.”  This is telling.  First, it implies that abortion is not a social justice issue and that Catholics concerned with abortion are not voting their faith, both fallacious assumptions.  The letter calls for church leaders “willing to take on hard questions such as war, poverty, hunger, the death penalty, and injustices committed by our country around the world, instead of merely encouraging personal piety and feel-good religion.”  This misleadingly suggests that Catholics concerned with pro-life issues aren’t “taking on the hard questions” but are “merely encouraging personal piety and feel-good religion.”  Also telling is the fact that the editor considered this letter important enough to highlight, which could signal an endorsement of its perspective, although we shouldn’t jump to that conclusion from a single letter.

             The second letter defends the effectiveness of the 1983 pastoral letter on peace by the U.S. Catholic bishops, citing a survey by Andrew Greeley against critics.  The third links Pax Christi USA with individuals such as Philip Berrigan and organizations such as the School of the Americas Watch, etc.  All of these individuals and organizations “lean left” on social and religious issues.

             The fourth letter responds to an article in a previous issue (“What do you get out of Mass?”), noting that the “priest-presider is not the lone ‘celebrant’ of the Eucharist,” but that the “entire assembly has gathered to celebrate the Eucharist.”  The well-intended point that we will “get something out of the Mass” when we see ourselves as “celebrants” alongside the priest, nevertheless entertains a confusion of the roles of priest and laity that is common among “left-leaning” Catholics.

             The fifth letter responds to some readers’ remarks about “post-Vatican II changes,” declaring: “Yes, the Mass is in English now, and the priest faces the congregation—let’s get over it, please.”  While this impatience with pre-Vatican II sensibilities does not necessarily signal “editorial slant,” the accumulation of letters with a “progressive” tilt is evident.

             An exception is the sixth letter by Charles Zuneffi (pp. 8-9), which takes issue with an earlier article by Kathleen Chesto (“This is not your father’s religion”), on why young people are dropping out of church.  Zuneffi, a 22-year-old Catholic, says he only started attending church after his grandmother asked him to start driving her to her old inner-city parish, where the interior was 19th-century Gothic, not 1980s suburban, and the Mass was in Latin, not English.  “I loved it,” he writes.  “The chants and the organ, and all the rituals that Chesto scoffs at as old-fashioned, really appealed to me.”  He blames Chesto’s generation for sinking attendance: “In an attempt to make religion fit your views of soft, contemporary suburban culture, you took away an important element that attracts young people to religion—the idea of mysticism, sacredness, something higher.”  Zuneffi’s letter may represent a token “minority viewpoint,” confirming that the prevailing editorial viewpoint, represented by the Chesto article, tilt’s left.  At any rate, this hypothesis is consistent with the data thus far.

             The pattern throughout the letters is consistent—a focus on social needs and social action as the heart of what is important about Christian faith, along with a downplaying (if not outright dismissal) of traditional concerns about personal piety and Church teachings.

             Pages 10-11 (“Signs of the Times”) offer brief news items.  In addition to some polling data on American philanthropy, p. 10 carries a side-bar with a series of quotations.  A Belgian Jesuit calls for religions to become vehicles of peace and “stop being battlefields of spiritual arrogance” (suggesting, perhaps, that we ought to be modest enough to admit that our beliefs are no “truer” than anyone else’s).  Other quotations are from Stephen Carter on commercialism; the Pope on “globalization”; Jim Wallis (the leftist Anabaptist editor of Sojourners magazine) on the poor; and Mata Amritandandamayi (a Hindu leader “who hugs and blesses follower after follower for up to 18 straight hours”) on happiness.

             Another article discusses the case for the beatification of the Venerable Matt Talbot, a former alcoholic, and the hope that the Vatican might loosen its requirement for a physical miracle, since “the alcoholic community really needs a saint.”  Another discusses Catholic college students who “got a chance to put Catholic social teaching to work in the National Interfaith Committee for Worker Justice’s Catholic Social Teaching Summer Internship.” 

             A side-bar on p. 11 addresses “Good News” (Le Moyne College’s new environment-friendly geothermal heat pumps), and “Bad News” (an Oregon billboard identifying the pope with the Antichrist).  The rest of the page is devoted to an article, “A different kind of obedience,” on Benedictine Sister Christine Vladimiroff, prioress of the Mount St. Benedict Monastery in Erie, Pennsylvania, who “has become something of a hero” for her refusal to deliver a Vatican directive to Benedictine Sister Joan Chittister, forbidding her to attend and speak at the Women’s Ordination Worldwide conference in Dublin. 

             By this time the editorial tilt of the magazine is obvious.  It celebrates dissent where Rome won’t bend the rules to meet the needs of those judged (by the light of the dominant liberal culture) to be “marginalized,” whether the needs are those of recovering alcoholics who “need” their saint, or women socialized by feminist sub-cultures to believe they “need” to be priests to find fulfillment.

             Renée LaReau’s cover-story, “Net Gains: How the Internet is changing the church” (pp.12-17) offers a useful introduction to the Internet.  There is not much that betrays a slant here, except for her remarks on the Internet as a “democratic” medium that “levels the traditional hierarchies.”  She quotes from a book entitled Compassion, noting how the traditional way of regarding priests, nuns, monks and hermits as a spiritual elite “divides the People of God into ‘ordinary’ and ‘special Christians,’ not leading to togetherness but separation” (p. 16).  While this affirms a deep Catholic truth about the “common priesthood of the faithful” (CCC, 1591), it also plays into the hands of those who, like Protestants, seek to deny the unique authority embodied in the Church as Magisterium. 

             The editor, Mary Lynn Hendrickson, weighs in with a personal anecdote on the bottom of p. 14 about “ultraconservative” and “mean-spirited” Catholicism on the web.  She describes dropping in on a Catholic Web site and getting “slammed” and called “anti-family” for offering her opinion on the use of artificial contraception (one may thus infer her dissident view).  She quotes Yahoo’s Theology and Religion discussion leader, John Switzer, who suggests that “conservative Catholics” are more outspoken on the Internet “because the main body of Catholics takes it for granted that the changes in Vatican II were inevitable and it’s inevitable that these changes will continue and develop.  It’s a moving locomotive that cannot be stopped and that, I believe, is moving under the direction of the Holy Spirit.”  This suggests that “changes” of the kind protested by “conservative Catholics”— changes presumably including the widespread acceptance of artificial contraception, pre-marital cohabitation, homosexuality, divorce and remarriage, etc.—are approved by Vatican II and the Holy Spirit, an assumption as ludicrous as it is ignorant.  “Ultimately, we’re all cafeteria Catholics and we’re all progressives,” Switzer continues, “because none of us can know the mind of Christ perfectly and none of us can hold the faith in a manner that exactly mirror’s God’s glory.  A 2-ounce bottle cannot contain the ocean.”  While magnanimously appealing to humility in the face of our human finitude, this suggests the further (erroneous) inference that all opinions are relative, and no views—even those of the Church—can be expected to give us true knowledge of “the mind of Christ.”  It is doubly significant that Hendrickson, the magazine’s editor, highlights these views in her own column.

             The “Editor’s Suggestions of Useful Web Sites” on p. 17 includes a number of informative listings under “Study and Reading,” “Church,” “Social Justice,” “Catholic News,” “Prayer & Spirituality,” and the like.  But alongside these, she includes the categories of “Liberal Catholicism” and “Conservative Catholicism.”  This has the effect of legitimating her listing of Web sites on “Women’s Ordination Conference,” “Call To Action,” and “Radical Catholic Page” (even though such groups have been explicitly censured by Rome), by placing them alongside “Conservative” listings, such as “New Advent,” “Peter’s Net,” and “EWTN” (all known for their doctrinal substance and fidelity to Rome).  The strategy is as ingenious as it is disingenuous—unless it stems from simple invincible ignorance; which, given the state of Catholic catechesis and publications today, is not unthinkable.

             Next follows a reader survey on Catholic Web use, which carries a listing of favorite religious Web sites that betray a predictable correlation between reader’s preferences and the magazine’s slant.  Along with the obligatory US Conference of Catholic Bishops and Vatican Web sites, the top five unsurprisingly include the U.S. Catholic Web site, St. Anthony Messenger Press and Franciscan Communications <www.americancatholic.org>, and the Jesuit site, “Sacred Space.” 

             Probably the most revealing article in the magazine is “Power to the People of God” (pp. 24-28), an interview with Mary Faulkner and Bob O’Gorman, authors of The Complete Idiot’s guide to Understanding Catholicism.  The authors are very up-beat, sincere individuals, interested in “empowering” laity with a sense of their own “spirituality.”  “There’s been a real awakening of spirituality in the past 20 years,” declares O’Gorman; “people are getting in touch with the movement of the spirit within them.”  Faulkner chimes in: “Much of the spirituality today is a raw, unprocessed power.  Maybe this raw energy is ‘breaking out’ because it’s been boxed up too long.  You can’t keep the spirit in a box.  The more you try to control the spirit, the more it is going to insist on being free.  The challenge today isn’t to the people—they’re doing just fine—the challenge is to church leadership to recognize this outbreaking and ask ‘How can we help this become more of what you want it to be?’”  (Why does this remind me of the movie, “Wag the Dog”?)  In effect, Rome is being asked to submit to the “magisterium” of the popular “spirit” (whatever that means); whereas the Apostle John warns us to “test” and “discern” the spirits to see if they are of God. 

             The problem, suggests O’Gorman, lies in the limits imposed upon spirituality by the Church.  “There was a time in the church’s history when it was very accepting of different spiritualities,” he ways.  “You had a Benedictine spirituality and a Franciscan spirituality and a Dominican spirituality and a Jesuit spirituality.  But there came a point where this stopped happening.  We didn’t embrace a Lutheran or a Calvinist spirituality.”  As appealing as O’Gorman’s fluid, free-form embrace of “spirituality” may be, he fails to note that spiritualities are rooted in doctrine and, therefore, not all (for example, a Lutheran spirituality that separates works of obedience from faith, or a Calvinist spirituality that denies free will) are compatible with the Catholic Faith. 

             Contradicting one of the most basic dogmas of Church teaching, O’Gorman declares: “We wanted to be able to talk about the fallibility of the church because, for instance, the church in its relationship to women has been in grave sin.”  In the first place, this confuses the categories of peccability (sinfulness) and fallibility (erroneousness).  In the second place, it assumes that the Church’s refusal to ordain women is a matter of “sin” for which the Church must “repent,” whereas Pope John Paul II recently issued a formal statement declaring this tradition irreformable: “I declare that the Church has no authority whatsoever to confer priestly ordination on women and that this judgment is to be definitively held by all the Church’s faithful” (Ordinatio Sacerdotalis, 1994).  Third, and most fundamentally, it assumes that the Church can err in her teaching, which may be a Protestant doctrine but is most assuredly not a Catholic one.

             A recurring theme in this interview is empowerment of the laity, an issue capable of proper and improper interpretation.  Vatican II intended to empower laity with a renewed sense of the “common priesthood of the faithful,” a sense of an immediate personal relationship to God that could be fostered through prayer, Bible study, and a sense of vocation to sanctify one’s daily life in the world through prayerful service to God and neighbor.  But O’Gorman stresses his belief that “in many ways the Second Vatican Council fell short on several issues, and one of the issues that it did not really deal with was the power of the people over their own religion.”  He sees the basic problem as Church authority.  Faulkner adds that women “want less hierarchy and greater access to ordination.”  Again, she says: “Right now, the only way church leaders are going to let women into positions of power is if they think they have to.  Sooner or later the numbers will speak.”  Clearly, this represents a politicized, de-sacralized view of ecclesiology— “doctrine by popular vote,” if you will—a purely democratized view of Church authority.  Authority is not delegated by God, but voted into office by the people.  Beliefs of Catholics are not “revealed” on this view, but “generated” by social needs.  “The church is not some unsolved mystery you have to leave in the hands of the hierarchy,” says O’Gorman.  “This is our religion.  And we hope the book will open people up to move from ‘pray, pay, and obey’ stature to ‘This is my church.  I have responsibility here.  I have spiritual power here.’” The decisive question to ask, of course, is: What kind of spiritual power?  By whose standards?  By what authority?

             An excerpt from their book (from the chapter on abuses in Church history) is printed on p. 28 under the title, “What was the Inquisition?”  Predictably, it digs up details about the Malleus Maleficarum (the Hammer of Witches), a misogynist document referenced during trials of witches.  Further, it effectively identifies the office of Cardinal Ratzinger with that of the Grand Inquisitor by stating: “A genetic remnant of the Inquisition, the Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith, exists in the church today.  While it no longer employs the threat of prison, thumbscrews, or other overt physical tortures to safeguard authentic Catholic teaching, it does conduct theological investigations and hands out sanctions such as the silencing of Catholic teachers under its authority.”  This heavy-handed use of connotative communication, at the expense of short-changing their readers on clarifying information, plays into the hands of media “spin” masters and the uninformed masses under their influence.

             The next article in the magazine, on p. 29, is devoted to global warming, a fashionably “progressive” topic that speaks for itself.  I needn’t comment.

             Pages 30-35 are devoted to an article by Bill Huebsch, “5 ways to take the dread out of religious ed”—a timely and important subject.  Huebsch imagines a “typical” class scenario, in which a teacher dutifully plows through the lesson in her five-pound “teacher’s edition” CCD textbook, replete with comprehensive treatment of Catholic doctrine on the day’s subject: the “fall from grace” (his quotation marks) in the Garden of Eden.  He imagines a precocious student stumping her teacher with the paleontological “facts”—death didn’t come into the world through sin; the dinosaurs died; death had been around for millions of years before humans—and questions like: “And if Jesus saved us from this, then why do people still die?”  Huebsch’s point seems to be that this is a “new day” that calls for major revision in how (if not what) we teach our children.  Today’s students, he declares, have “more information available in one visit to the Internet than was available in an entire lifetime to an adult in the 17th century.”  This suggests that the traditional content of Catholic doctrine is no longer quite tenable and needs revision in light of scientific knowledge (Huebsch seems to have little sense that “science” itself is highly provisional and based on unverifiable assumptions).

             On a more practical level, Huebsch observes that many children don’t seem to enjoy their religion classes, and sometimes even dread them.  He offers some helpful suggestions about the need to involve parents in the process of their children’s religions education: “a children’s religious education program that isn’t situated within a community of well-informed adults won’t work,” he writes.  The five suggestions he offers for taking the “dread” out of religious ed include: (1) calling them “disciples” instead of “students,” (2) having a sponsor for everyone, (3) getting rid of the classrooms, (4) having people speak in their own words, and (5) raising the status of Baptism.  Some of these are more substantial and helpful than others; and some are potentially problematic.  For example, under #4, Huebsch states that the biblical story of the fall from grace is told “in figurative language” (which problematically suggests that it is “fiction”), and proposes the need for “a new language in which to talk about these ancient truths—one that doesn’t violate [youngsters’] paleontological sensitivities.”  Huebsch repeatedly calls for ways of speaking about eternal truths “in a language that fits our culture.”  This is fine, as long as these truths aren’t denatured, as they too often are, in the process of translation.  Too often the Gospel message (“Jesus died for our sins that we may have life”) is watered down into trite truisms like “let’s be kind to each other so nobody feels left out,” which really are numbingly banal and dreadfully boring.

             Pages 36-40 are devoted to a fascinating article on Benedictine monks in Minnesota who have teamed up with calligraphers at a scriptorum in Wales to create the first Bible to be written and illustrated entirely by hand in more than 500 years— the “Saint John’s Bible.”  Beyond the many intriguing details of the project are several facets that betray a decided slant.  In 1998 the university and abbey agreed on the project on the condition that the new Bible be “contemporary, ecumenical, multicultural, and prophetic.”  This means, in their words, that the art must “appeal to people of faith the world over,” there must be “more emphasis in the illustrations on women in general than in earlier Bibles,” and the New Revised Standard Version must be used because of it’s “contemporary translation, gender-inclusive language, and wide use by Catholics and Protestants.”  The fact is ignored that Rome forbids the liturgical use of the NRSV because its gender-inclusive language goes beyond “translation” to tendentious theological “interpretation,” de-naturing the traditional biblical conceptions of God. 

             An ebullient celebration of modern scientific and technological advances pervades the project’s participants.  Donald Jackson, the chief calligrapher of the project, incorporates modern touches, such as twining strands of DNA, into his illuminations of the biblical manuscript.  “Think of the scientific and technological changes that have occurred since the Bible was last handwritten and illuminated,” he marvels. “No one knew then about evolution, DNA, space flight, or black holes.  Certainly no one could imagine viewing an earthrise from the moon.  They thought the world was flat.”  Here Jackson echoes the pervasive modern condescension toward (and ignorance of) the medieval world, an irony underscored by the fact that St. Thomas Aquinas clearly declares in the opening pages of his Summa Theologiae that the world is round!  It is a modern myth that the medievals entertained the ignorant belief that the earth was flat—a myth that reinforces our confidence in our own modern “progressiveness,” the kind of myth that is all too eagerly embraced by revisionist Catholics who like to see Vatican II as justifying a break with an ignorant past and inviting a revisioning of the Faith, a “New Catholicism” and “New Church.”

             Pages 41-43 are devoted to a reflection on the biblical story of the ten lepers. The moral of the story is that we, as recipients of grace, ought to respond in gratitude.  Still, it is interesting that the author compares the lepers to the “poor, the mentally ill, the disenfranchised, the ghettoed minorities,” echoing the dominant liberal culture’s feel-good message of “inclusiveness.”  In the minds of many, fear of discrimination leads to an undiscriminating embrace of all lifestyles and values, including those, for example, of sexually active gays, lesbians, and same-sex partnerships, all under the umbrella of celebrating “diversity” and “difference.”

             On p. 48 is an article on Jim Keady (“Sole man”), whose refusal to wear Nike shoes because of unjust wages paid to Nike workers in third-world sweatshops, cost him his dream job as assistant soccer coach at St. John’s University in Long Island.  The adjacent page sports a picture of Keady with a list of facts about him, including “Something most people don’t know about me: I’m a registered Republican.  (I haven’t gotten around to changing it.)”  Social justice issues of this kind have a direct, visceral appeal to Catholics who share U.S. Catholic’s slant.  The problems are morally compelling and uncomplicated by controversies of metaphysics and Church authority in the way that the issues of abortion and contraception are.

             Page 50 is devoted to an article against “the bane of racism.”  It exhorts us to avoid thinking of people in terms of “us” and “them.”  The “biggest tool at our disposal is the Eucharist,” writes author Tom McGrath.  “Where do people become family?  Around the table.”  What does McGrath mean?  “I’m not talking about simply holding the precious feeling of Jesus, sweet and pure, privately in our hearts, but, once fed, acting on the reality that our Christ resides in everybody.”  Again, there is a profound truth here, as well as a hazard.  The truth is that Christ does reside in our neighbor (“Lord, when did we see you hungry?”).  The hazard is that the neighbor can come to replace Christ, as in the secularized mainline churches of liberal Protestantism, which reduced the message of Christ’s salvation to the “Social Gospel” of helping the poor and oppressed.  The balance is struck by those who do both— who proclaim Christ’s forgiveness of sins through His Church’s ministry and offer the cup of water in His name to the thirsty.  The danger to those who share U.S. Catholic’s slant is that “peace and justice” issues will eclipse the full meaning of Christ’s Gospel.

             The magazine’s back cover announces: “U.S. Catholic magazine is proud to honor Diana L. Hayes with the 2001 U.S. Catholic Award for furthering the cause of women in the church.”  Above the announcement is a quote from Hayes: “It is time for black Catholic women to regain their voices....  That voice has been silenced.”  Beneath a photograph of Hayes, she is described as associate professor of theology at Georgetown University and a leading Catholic proponent of “womanist theology.”  What is that?  She says it’s about “building up the entire community,” which also means opposing oppression.  She is celebrated for having “called on the church to repudiate its complicity in the oppressions of race, gender, and class and to honor and contribute to the liberation of all people.”  She is quoted as declaring: “It is difficult to be an active, involved, faith-filled woman in the church today without constantly feeling that you’re being limited, restricted, gagged, and bound . . .” 

             Here the U.S. Catholic displays its full colors.  The Church is an “oppressor” of the poor, of minorities, and (especially) of women.  So says Hayes.  And U.S. Catholic is proud to honor her with an award for pointing this out.  What does this mean?  What is the target of this animosity?  Apparently it’s not that the Catholic Church today has a larger worldwide network for helping the poor than the United Nations; or that it was one of the chief historical opponents of the slave trade, through societies such as the Jesuits and individuals such as Bartolomé de las Casas; or that it has been at the forefront of the battle to defend the rights of women and children at the UN conferences on the family held in Cairo and Beijing in recent years.  No, apparently the target is what the secularized world regards as “oppressive” about the Church—its tradition of an exclusively male priesthood, its prohibition of artificial contraception, same-sex marriages, its authority structure, etc. 

             All of this is very telling.  It tells us not only that U.S. Catholic magazine has a definite slant, but that its slant is decisively infected by the mind of the dominant secularized American culture.  Whatever the editors and readership of U.S. Catholic may wish, this is not the mind of the Church, nor is it the mind of Christ.  It is the mind of an apostate, de-sacralized, secularized America.  It is the mind of powers and principalities inimical to the mind of Christ.  This is not to say that everything printed in U.S. Catholic magazine is anti-Catholic.  It isn’t.  As I pointed out, there were some positive, informative and edifying articles and features in this issue, such as those calling for helping the oppressed, or suggesting that parents get involved in their children’s’ religious education.  Yet the editorial slant and the readership’s overarching frame of reference is thoroughly secularized.

             What have I learned from reading this issue of U.S. Catholic?  That historic Catholic teaching is oppressive, ignorant, arrogant, and outmoded at best; that its chants and rituals, its distinction between clergy and laity, its all-male priesthood are residual vestiges of an insufferably authoritarian, patriarchal past; that apologists for orthodoxy are by definition “mean-spirited”; that the Church is fallible and can err; that its biblical doctrines of original sin must be “demythologized” and translated into a contemporary idiom compatible with the reigning dogmas of public opinion that pass for “science”; that Catholics who are pro-life and opposed to artificial contraception aren’t to be taken seriously; that the heart of the Catholic Faith has to do with meeting social “needs” (such as the needs of some women to be ordained), celebrating diversity (such as “womanist theology” and nonwestern religions), and defending the environment (by opposing global warming, using geothermal heat pumps, etc.), and, above all, following the democratic “spirit” of the laity.

             If I ever read U.S. Catholic again, it won’t be to find out the Catholic Church’s perspective on this or that issue, since it’s editorial slant is decisively dissident and its Catholicism is consistently confused.  Rather, it will be to take the pulse of a large group of American Catholics and check the degree to which it continues to suffer from the value vertigo afflicting most liberally secularized Americans today. 


Copyright © 2002 Philip Blosser.  All rights reserved.
A previous version of this article was published under the title of “What I Learned from
U.S. Catholic Magazine,” by This Rock (May/June 2002), 32-37.